Research Study Explores Ideological Differences Between Orphan Care and Family Care in Literature and Society

According to the researchers, these narratives reveal evolving societal attitudes toward orphanages, foster care, and family systems. Victorian literature, particularly works like Oliver Twist, highlighted institutional neglect and systemic injustice, while novels such as Jane Eyre portrayed orphanhood as a catalyst for resilience and self-determination.

In American literature, Adventures of Huckleberry Finn reflects tensions between foster supervision and individual freedom. Meanwhile, contemporary fantasy like Harry Potter redefines family through emotional bonds rather than biological ties.

Foster Care vs Family Care: Key Findings

The research emphasizes that traditional family care is often idealized in literature as a source of emotional security and identity formation. In contrast, foster care and orphanages are frequently depicted as unstable or harsh environments. However, the study also acknowledges that alternative caregiving systems can foster resilience, independence, and moral growth when guided by compassionate guardianship.

Drawing on sociological and historical perspectives, the authors argue that literature not only reflects societal realities but also influences public opinion and policy regarding child welfare. The portrayal of orphans as sympathetic archetypes has historically generated empathy but has sometimes reinforced stereotypes of vulnerability and dependency.

Call for Policy Reform and Reframing Perceptions

The researchers conclude that while literature often critiques institutional care, it also offers space to reimagine foster care and orphanages as potential environments for emotional development when properly supported.

The study calls for a rehabilitated perception of foster care systems and urges policymakers to recognize the psychological importance of stability, belonging, and emotional security for children outside traditional family structures.

By bridging literary criticism with social work scholarship, Alex Sam, Dr. Rejoice Solomon, Dr. Lydia R. Conger, Dr. Shambu Kumar Yadav, and Dr. Sweety Marandi highlight the need for continued dialogue on child welfare reform—both in narrative representation and real-world practice.

The publication adds a significant interdisciplinary contribution to discussions on orphanhood, foster care, and family systems in both academic and public spheres.

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